A fundamental thesis of seismic stratigraphy is that seismic reflections follow impedance contrasts that coincide with stratal surfaces, which are surfaces where depositional processes occur at a fixed moment in geologic time.

The Bofecillos Mountains and Big Bend Ranch State Park contain a complex sequence of volcanic, volcaniclastic, and intrusive rocks that erupted from sources both within and outside the area.

The urban corridors associated with the Dallas, Austin, and San Antonio metropolitan areas lie on Austin Chalk outcrop. In these areas of rapid urbanization, ground-water information is needed to resolve environmental issues. The Austin Chalk also produces hydrocarbons in the deep subsurface.