The Van Horn Mountains caldera is a small (~10-km2) igneous center in the Trans-Pecos volcanic province. The caldera formed 37 to 38 mya during eruption of the first of two ash-flow tuffs related to the caldera.

This compilation of potassium-argon (K-Ar) ages of igneous rocks of the Tertiary volcanic field of Trans-Pecos Texas includes all published ages known to us as well as many unpublished results.

Silver deposits occur in Precambrian, Permian, and Cretaceous red-bed sequences near Van Horn, Texas. These deposits are geochemically similar and contain economically important quantities of silver, copper, and lead, as well as anomalously high amounts of arsenic, zinc, cadmium, and molybdenum.

This report describes preliminary results of an ongoing study of the volcanic stratigraphy, caldera activity, and known and potential mineralization of the Chinati Mountains area of Trans-Pecos Texas. Many ore deposits are spatially associated with calderas and other volcanic centers.

Hot springs and wells in West Texas and adjacent Mexico are manifestations of active convective geothermal systems concentrated in a zone along the Rio Grande between the Quitman Mountains and Big Bend National Park.

Mountain-bounded basins or bolsons are the most important aquifer systems throughout most of southwestern and western United States and northern Mexico.