Minerals play a vital role in the economy of an industrial State. In Texas, where annual production of minerals currently amounts to more than $4. 5 billion--twice the value of agricultural products, equal the value of manufactured products, and equal to half the value of all retail trade--mineral production is the principal part of the State's economic foundation. Analyses of past production trends and economic factors allow predictions of future trends in this vital and important segment of the Texas economy. Included herein are production graphs and brief annotations of production trends of principal or representative Texas mineral commodities. Period considered is 1950 through 1964, a period embracing significant post-war developments in the State and National economy.